Friday, 11 September 2009
Mendut Temple
 Built around early ninth century AD, Mendut is the oldest of the three temples
including Pawon and Borobudur. This temple is a ninth century Buddhist temple,
built and finished during the reign of King Indra of Sailendra dynasty. It is
located in Mendut village, Mungkid sub-district, Magelang Regency, Central Java,
Indonesia. The temple located about three kilometres east from Borobudur. Mendut,
Borobudur and Pawon, all of which are Buddhist temples, are located in one straight
line.
In 1836 it was discovered as a ruins covered with bushes. The restoration of
this temple was started at 1897 and it was finished at 1925. Some archaeologists
who had conducted research on this temple were JG de Casparis, Theodoor van Erp,
and Arisatya Yogaswara.
The 26.4 metres tall temple is facing west. The stairs projecting from the west
side square elevated base is adorned with Makara statue on each sides, the side
of the stairwall carved with bas-relief of fable narrating the animal story of
buddhist teaching. The square terrace surrounding the body of the temple was meant
for pradakshina or circumambulating ritual, walking clockwise around the temple.
The outer walls is adorned with bas-reliefs of Boddhisattvas (buddhist divinities),
such as Avalokitesvara, Maitreya, Cunda, Ksitigarbha, Samantabhadra, Mahakarunika
Avalokitesvara, Vajrapani, Manjusri, Akasagarbha, and Boddhisattvadevi Prajnaparamita
among other buddhist figures.
Originally the temple had two chamber, a small chamber in the front, and the
large main chamber in the center. The roof and some parts of the front chamber
walls are missing. The inner wall of front chamber is adorned with bas-relief
of Hariti surrounds by children, Atavaka on the other side, Kalpataru, also groups
of devatas divinities flying in heaven.
The main room housed three beautifully carved large stone statues. The three
statues are the Buddhist main divinities revered in Mendut temple which can explain
the spiritual purpose of the establishment of this temple. The 3 metres tall statue
of Dhyani Buddha Vairocana was meant to liberate the devotees from the bodily
karma, at the left is statue of Boddhisatva Avalokitesvara to liberate from the
karma of speech, at the right is Boddhisatva Vajrapani to liberate from karma
of tought.
Today, Candi Mendut (Mendut Temple) is frequently used to celebrate the Waisak
day every May full moon and the pilgrims from Indonesia and all parts of the world
come to this ceremony.
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